What’s the Alternative to a Well-Prepared Teacher?

The following commentary, penned by William McComas and Chris Goering, is a longer version of what appeared in the Arkansas Democrat Gazette on Sunday, May 19th.  

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Most people agree that recruiting and creating the very best teachers for the students of Arkansas is a critical goal made immediate by the significant teacher shortage in some subject areas, particularly in mathematics and science.

We are pleased to reveal that we are both professors of education at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville with vast experience in teacher preparation and as public school teachers ourselves.  Second, we are both taxpayers in Arkansas with a vested financial interest in how state money is spent.  Third, one of us has seen two children through the Fayetteville public schools, one of the best school systems in the nation served by teachers who are ready from the first to the last day of school to help students become successful learners and citizens.  We both want all parents across Arkansas to have such an experience for their children, but that dream could be threatened by mediocre teacher preparation programs.

This problem isn’t new nor is it limited to Arkansas. But the unfortunate response to this shortage has been to propose programs that ultimately reduce the nature and degree of training of new teachers, to get larger numbers of underprepared teachers into classrooms as quickly as possible, and to enable school districts to spend taxpayer dollars to hire these individuals.

This is a short-sighted solution and ultimately a serious threat to the future of our state.  We must not lower the bar just because there is a teacher shortage; rather, we must develop and fund new high quality plans for teacher preparation.

Proponents of alternative plans for teacher licensure suggest that principals will make good choices among those applying for teaching positions (or at least will make the best choices that they can).  These supporters also suggest that a well-meaning adult in the classroom is better than no adult in the classroom. The students of our state deserve better than a hope and a promise.

Though it wasn’t necessarily their goal, Teach for America launched a movement towards alternative preparation programs back in 1990 by placing highly successful college students in challenging and/or hard to fill teaching situations for two years. TFA participants sign on to work in some of America’s toughest schools and receive about five weeks of preparation prior to beginning a stint as full-time, paid teachers. Other programs have spun off of that basic idea in North Carolina, Mississippi, and now here in Arkansas.

The research on TFA has taught us is that these smart individuals may make a difference in student achievement, but they don’t stay long in the profession. The research doesn’t show how damaging it is to the teaching profession that such programs imply that anyone can be an effective teacher with little or no teacher preparation. Such programs also create a revolving door that moves people in and out of our schools, ultimately undermining the stability of the educational system.

TFA and other alternative teacher preparation programs generally produce individuals less committed to a long term career in education. Few of us would want to be treated by a doctor, dentist, or nurse who’d sailed through a five-week preparation program with minimal clinical experience, so why should we trust our children and their future to these individuals?

In Arkansas, schools typically considered “lower performing” often serve students of lower socioeconomic status who tend to score lower on tests than do students from families with higher annual income. It is understandable that alternative teacher licensure programs target the placement of teachers in the most challenging situations but there is an unintended consequence in doing so. What few talk about with respect to alternative teacher certification is a clear social justice concern.

It is likely that these inexperienced and hastily-prepared teachers will be hired in parts of the state where students could most benefit from superior educators. Thus, the disparity in student achievement already seen across Arkansas will grow if, as we predict, the top districts in our state are not likely to hire the least prepared and most inexperienced teachers. All students deserve quality instructors and if these alternatively licensed teachers are so good, why aren’t the state’s wealthiest schools lining up to hire them?

Are the taxpayers of Arkansas prepared to run an experiment on our most vulnerable students? Historically, these types of experiments have not ended well (e.g., Nuclear testing in the Pacific after WWII, biomedical studies in the South in the 1930s and other egregious plans) and are perpetrated against racially and economically disadvantaged people—those without a voice to speak up against the wrong.

So, rather than conduct a vast social experiment just because there is a need, we must make a solid commitment and offer a strategic plan to adequately prepare teachers for service in all parts of Arkansas, in all subject areas. We need excellence while working to address the challenge of teacher preparation for the long term and must not engage with untried quick fixes.

All of us must work together to determine how many teachers are needed in what subject areas to serve in particular regions of Arkansas and plan accordingly for the future rather than offer untested plans to address the problem in the near term. In Finland, for instance, which has an internationally acclaimed model of school success, they prepare only the number of teachers actually needed and thus ensure that every new teacher has a job.  At the same time, teaching is held in high esteem because of the relative competitiveness in entering and rigorous training required for the profession.  We should move teacher preparation here toward such a model, not away from it.

We firmly believe that all children deserve the very best educators, ones committed to and likely to stay in the teaching profession, individuals who are well-suited for the challenges they will face, and prepared rigorously and completely rather than expediently. Corner-cutting, cost-deferring methods of teacher preparation, alternative or otherwise, will net our state exactly the level of mediocrity for which it pays. People entering a profession with a minimal commitment don’t stay.

Here are a few suggestions for how Arkansas might meet the challenges of teacher education and develop or preserve the high quality our state deserves.

We should identify and nurture future teachers as early as possible. We urge Arkansas to consider following a research-based path, perhaps one like the North Carolina Teaching Fellow program that provides scholarships for high school seniors to attend traditional teacher preparation programs. This is an investment in quality that we should emulate.

Let’s provide scholarships for every teacher willing to make a long-term commitment to the students and future of Arkansas.  In high-needs disciplines we should recruit individuals with appropriate undergraduate degrees and provide financial incentives so that they can enter one of the many high quality teacher preparation programs across the state and spend the time necessary to become master educators.

Finally, we call upon the state legislature to join this effort by authorizing tuition waivers at the state universities to further encourage prospective teachers to gain the necessary preparation and engage in significant student teaching experiences in key subject areas. This will permit them to join the teaching workforce with pride, skill and a greater potential for a satisfying long-lasting career.

A student-teaching program is particularly important since such experience is arguably the most important element of teacher preparation and the one most frequently minimized or even eliminated in the majority of alternative certification schemes.  Arkansans should be proud of the current requirement set for such practice found in traditional programs but shamed by what passes for clinical practice in alternative programs—in some cases, there is no practice prior to taking the reigns as a hired teacher.  Other professionals don’t exclusively learn on the job. Teachers shouldn’t either.  Hairdresser Power

We insist that the Arkansas State Department of Education maintain the highest standards in teacher preparation. Currently it takes 1500 hours of preparation before a barber is permitted to independently cut hair.  Why would we allow teachers into classrooms with perhaps as few as 180 hours of preparation and little or no supervised practice?  Do we really want Arkansas hair stylists to have more training and experience than the next generation of Arkansas K-12 teachers?

Social commentator and author of Outliers: The Story of Success, Malcolm Gladwell states that “Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re good. It’s the thing you do that makes you good.” “Achievement is talent plus preparation” and finally that it takes about 10,000 hours to become an expert.  The long path to expertise should begin before an individual stands before a classroom of students.

We won’t suggest that all traditional teacher preparation programs produce universally excellent teachers and we can’t say that all alternatively prepared teachers are ineffective, but doing as little as possible just because there is a shortage is shortsighted. If someone—no matter how exceptionally qualified—won’t spend the time necessary to learn how to teach, they probably don’t really want to teach, likely won’t be successful in the classroom and probably won’t remain in education.

We are not simply advocating the preservation of the status quo and are willing to reevaluate the nature of all teacher preparation, especially in light of research-tested models. We must not allow foolish experiments with the lives and futures of the children of Arkansas—they and their parents have a right to expect that each and every teacher is the best available.  They should not be forced to submit to the risk of alternative teacher preparation.

It is now time to answer the question asked in our title.  What’s the alternative to a well-prepared teacher?  Nothing!

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Suggested citation:

McComas, W. & Goering, C.Z. (2013, May 19). What’s the alternative to a well-prepared teacher? Arkansas Democrat Gazette. Special Commentary.

EduSanity Thanks a Teacher

What were you doing in 1978?  Half of EduSanity was only 3 years old and the other half had just been born.  We hadn’t made much of a contribution to society yet.  However, while we were busy flushing Snoopy wind-up toys down the toilet (Jason) and learning how to sit upright by ourselves (Chris), a teacher by the name of Melody Foltz was beginning her career as a math teacher at New Mark Junior High School in North Kansas City, Missouri.

Today, Melody (now) Shoger is putting the final touches on her 35th year of teaching, an accomplishment that absolutely must be put into context.

Melody Shoger - Math Teacher Extraordinaire

Melody Shoger – Math Teacher Extraordinaire

Mrs. Shoger has taught at the same school for 35 years.  In that time she has educated over 3600 students.  That’s a decent sized Missouri town.  She has taught under 6 principals and survived the education policies of 6 Presidents.  Even the name of the school has changed; becoming New Mark Middle School in 1980.  She has worked with hundreds of teachers (myself included) and is quite literally an anchor of stability in the lives of thousands of people who have passed through her classroom door.

But Mrs. Shoger is more than just an educator who has weathered the ups and downs of a teacher’s existence.  She is a first-rate math teacher who has provided her students with a world-class education for over three decades.  If you ask Melody about her secret to success, she will brush off the question as though she doesn’t have one, but it doesn’t take long to figure it out if you listen to what she has to say.

Melody’s favorite aspect of teaching is “seeing that bulb light up” in a student’s eyes when they make a connection and get excited about something they have learned.  Many teachers can relate to this, and it serves as a reminder that the best aspects of teaching and learning often happen in the moment and can never be recorded as a test score or grade.  Most people in this world don’t ever get to experience that moment, which makes it a child’s unique gift to their teacher, and Melody thrives on it.  In fact, she actively seeks it.  She regularly spends 10 hours per day at school in addition to the 10 hours per week she spends at home grading papers and searching for new ideas.  For those of you who weren’t one of Melody’s math students, that’s approximately 60 hours per week spent teaching, researching, planning and grading.  She harnesses the power of social networks including Facebook and Pinterest to plunder the ideas of others in order to vary her strategies for teaching.  Walking into her classroom is like stepping into the aftermath of a “math idea tornado”.  Melody has more ideas than she has time for, yet is never satisfied with the ideas she has.  If you want to know how one continually improves even after 35 years of experience, that would be a good place to start.

The Aftermath of the Math Idea Tornado

The Aftermath of the Math Idea Tornado

Mrs. Shoger’s greatest challenge is keeping the students engaged, a task that has grown continually more difficult over the years as student apathy has been perpetuated by a system that undercuts motivation with “no fail” policies of social promotion and an emphasis on test scores that privileges the importance of “standardized testing week” over every other school day.   Mrs. Shoger is not allowed to hold her students accountable, yet is held accountable herself when these same students fail to perform well on standardized exams.

Many of us would recognize the hypocrisy in that situation and let it ruin our outlooks, but not Mrs. Shoger.  Her response is simply, “Kids are kids”.  And with those words, you catch another glimpse into the secret she claims not to have.   The more you listen to Melody the more you realize that her secret to 35 years of excellent teaching is simple: kids.  For her, everything is about the kids.  Still, many a teacher has strode bravely into the educational breach with an idealist vision of saving the world one student at a time, so what makes Melody Shoger different?

Quite simply, Mrs. Shoger has approached the teaching of math with the exact same philosophy that seems to be all the rage lately.  She prepares students to use math in the “real world” and helps her students make connections between math and their futures on a daily basis.  Some people would like you to believe that “college and career readiness” is the flavor of the month.  For teachers like Melody Shoger, it’s been on the menu since Jimmy Carter created the Department of Education and started this whole mess.

Mrs. Shoger with her Husband Neil

Mrs. Shoger with her Husband Neal

Mrs. Shoger can point to 3600+ students who have been pushed to understand math as a part of their lives, which she often gets to witness first hand.  Many of her former students have children of their own, which means that many families have two generations of Shoger graduates.  She is invited to weddings and has friend requests on Facebook from former students all over the world.  Many of her former students have become teachers themselves, and Mrs. Shoger has inspired more than one career in education.  Her own daughter is going into math education, a choice that Melody wholeheartedly supports despite the fact that many people suggest she should find another career.  Mrs. Shoger knows that we could use another generation of patience, perseverance, love for math, and desire to serve others.

Hopefully, the students of New Mark Middle School will be able to benefit from Mrs. Shoger’s efforts for many years to come.  35 years is a long time, but the energy and effort she puts into her teaching would put many newly minted teachers to shame.  When asked how long she sees herself teaching, Melody’s response is unsurprisingly pragmatic.

As long as I still love what I am doing.  I work with great people. I enjoy the kids–even the stinkers. I have a passion for math and for learning.  I know there is a downside (paper work, testing, changes in curriculum, attitude… etc.), but there is to almost every career.  I can deal with those.  Until the downside surpasses the positives, I will still wake up each day and trek to New Mark.

Mrs. Shoger is not alone.  Despite what many would have you believe, the vast majority of teachers work tirelessly for your children.  Today may be Teacher Appreciation Day, but any day would be a good day to thank one of them.

 

Does Educational Testing Interfere with Parental Rights?

I write today to express my deep concerns that you, parents of Arkansas and America, have unknowingly lost your rights. Specifically, you have lost the right to make a decision about what is best for your child when it comes to standardized tests, a fact I believe requires your immediate attention, ire, and action.

I started thinking about this issue two months ago, immediately in advance of my state’s benchmark examinations mandated by the No Child Left Behind (or untested) act of 2002. Because America is a big believer in the power of tests, students not only have benchmark examinations in the spring but also endure End of Course examinations in Biology, Geometry, and Algebra, the Grade 11 Literacy Exam, and in many cases, individual schools have signed up for outside, for-profit companies to come in and test the students as many as twenty additional days each year. Since we have new standards and new tests on the way, I asked myself why in the world we were still taking tests written to now outdated standards/frameworks. It seems ironic that over-testing and standardization is blamed for the failing of No Child Left Behind so our national response is to replace the old with new standards and tests.

What?

Whether or not you’ve turned on the news in the last couple of years, you’ve probably heard about Common Core Standards. These are different than the previous standards and have setup a most unfortunate situation for your students this year: students in Arkansas and across the country were forced to take standardized tests over old standards while being led towards new ones. In Arkansas, third through eighth grade and eleventh grade students in the state were unfairly and unjustly tied to a desk (not really but sort of) for five straight days on April 8-12, taking tests that absolutely, positively no longer matter: the Arkansas benchmark exams.

Next year, we are told that the brand spanking new and improved tests will be here—I can’t wait.

New Tests? I. Can't. Wait.

New Tests? I. Can’t. Wait.

Our country’s obsession with standardized tests is unhealthy and what I’ll shout from the rooftops is the fact that continuing to test students over something to which they are not being taught makes about as much sense as building boots with spoons. It is nothing short of educational malpractice to continue to test students with a test created under old standards while many/most teachers are teaching to new standards.

Given this deplorable situation, I started wondering what could be done about it and if I recommended parents remove their students from this nonsense, just what would happen to the students, parents, or schools (or me). Being conscientious objectors to things, after all, is the very foundation on which America was built. For example, if you, dear parents, don’t want your student to read a certain novel in eleventh grade English class, you have every right to remove your student from what you perceive as harmful or objectionable. The same goes for other subjects in school and aspects of content in social studies, science, etc. I submit that the battery of tests could hurt your student far more than Holden Caulfield.

If the parents of Arkansas—or any state—all stood up to the big bad testing bully in the room and said, “ENOUGH,” the students involved would learn many good lessons about being American: the importance of standing up to senselessness, the power of protest, and the responsibility as students—with your assistance—to take charge and advocate for their own learning. What did your student gain from sitting and taking that test for five straight days? A sore rear end and an increasing distaste for school?

But can the tests be stopped?

There is an organization that supports this general idea called United Opt Out, a group opposed to all corporate education reforms (corporate education reform—think standardize, drill, test, quantify, repeat). In digging around their site, I’ve found that there is a multi-family complaint issued with the ACLU about testing and opting out of testing. Arkansas and other states seemed to think of people like me—status quo disturbers—when they crafted a policy delineating punishments for those students who opt out of the standardized tests in the state.

From Arkansas:

If you decide to opt out, there are consequences for Benchmarks, End of Course Geometry and Biology and Grade 11 Literacy – student will need to have Academic Improvement Plan and be remediated under the law. (the reason is that the student will have no test to show s/he scored proficient.)  With End of Course Algebra a student must pass the examination in order to get credit for the course (must have passing grade too).  Algebra 1 is REQUIRED to graduate.  So, without it, you can’t graduate.

If remediation (sic) does not occur child can be retained.

As I read this and thought about the ramifications of it, the skin on my face and ears started to burn. Seriously? Parents can and should have the right to pull their students out of this or any kind of testing. Groups in other states are starting to wake up to this chilly reality.

Whether you agree or disagree with the current testing, you probably agree that you—as a parent—should have the ability to remove your student from a harmful situation at school. Let’s say the tests were great, transformational learning experiences for students, parents should still be able to say, “no thank you,” when it comes to their child.

Let’s stop this nonsense and I need you, dear parents of Arkansas and America, to help in this action. Let’s contact state legislators immediately and demand a bill that returns these rights to the parents. And if they don’t follow through (insert joke here about the inability for any legislative body to accomplish something), let’s all simply pull students out of the standardized tests for the 2013-2014 school year. We could save the states a coal car full of money, perhaps money they could put to positive uses in education. Burn the cash in the schoolhouse chimney for all I care but give parents back their rights.

To let the lawmakers of the state know we are serious, here’s a release letter we’ll use next year.

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March 2, 2014 

Dear teacher, principal, or other test-administrator, please release my son/daughter from the ___________________ (standardized test) being given at __________________ school this week. It is my parental right to protect my child from dangerous, harmful, and senseless behavior and from my perspective, this test is not the best use of my child’s time. 

Student Name _______________

Parent/Guardian Signature ___________

During the time that other less fortunate students are taking this test, please allow my son/daughter to perform any or all of the below-listed activities, any of which would be more educationally beneficial than sitting through another standardized test.

  • Doodle on a piece of paper for the week. One never knows, a new pattern or perspective might be gained free of the limits of bubble sheets.
  • Read a book or two or three. Research actually supports this as educationally valuable as opposed to what the state is attempting to do to my son/daughter.
  • Write a story about their friends whose parents didn’t get the message and are suffering through a pointless test. Creative, meaningful writing has been all but lost from the curriculum.
  • Play video games on a phone or personal electronic device. Even that would be more educationally beneficial than taking this test.
  • Help the secretarial or custodial staff complete safe tasks around the office or building.
  • Be released to attend a lower grade and provide free tutoring for students.
  • Catch up on homework.
  • Shoot baskets in the gym.
  • Nap. Seriously.

Whatever you, dear parents, decide to do, I encourage you to take back your rights from the policy makers in this state/country. I took the Iowa Basic Skills test twice and the ACT twice in my 12-year educational career. That’s right, four standardized tests in 12 years. Your student may take four standardized tests in three weeks and what are they really learning? Checking in on students a bit more often isn’t a horrible idea, but I honestly think students are learning less today because of the unhealthy focus on tests in this country.

It is time that the parents of Arkansas and states around the country see these issues for what they are and to take back the schools. Testing, testing, and more testing will lead to unhealthy competitiveness, public shaming of school, students, and teachers, and a narrowed curriculum that won’t benefit anyone but those interested in destroying public education. The time to act is now. Contact your legislators. Contact me. I’d love to support you in these efforts. Report your experiences and the experiences of your son or daughter in the comments section attached to this article.

Your parental rights were taken away by failing educational policy and there isn’t a single good reason we can’t take them back.

Republicans Waking from Gun Induced Slumber

Big news in the Washington Post this week as Republican congressmen from several states have managed to take a break from making sure anybody can buy firearms from a gun show without a simple background check to paying a little attention to a real example of federal takeover and loss of liberty.   I’m talking of course about the Obama Administration’s blatant disregard for your 10th Amendment rights.  You remember the 10th Amendment, right?  It wasn’t an afterthought when the founders ended the greatest democratic document ever written with the following words:

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

In other words, if the Constitution doesn’t mention it, it should be left to the states or the people.  Well, guess what’s not mentioned in the Constitution?  Education.

So, according to our Constitution, the power to legislate and regulate education in this country should be left to the states.  Unfortunately, that is not what is currently happening with the commandeering of public education through the Common Core State Standards (CCSS).

You want to talk about the “slippery slope” of the federal government taking away liberty?  Stop looking at guns and gays for a minute and take a peek at how Arne Duncan has personally dictated what 45 of our states are going to teach.

Oh, there are many who will tell you that the CCSS was a state-led initiative and in the beginning it may have been.  However, something happened on the way to educational heaven in the form of a federal hijacking.  Here’s the quick version of how it went down:

Back in 2002 President George Bush signed NCLB into effect.  Remember that little ditty?  Well, according to NCLB, 100% of American kiddos were going to be “proficient” in math and literacy by 2014.  OR ELSE!  NCLB was all stick and no carrot.  Schools that made NCLB goals were rewarded by being left alone.  Schools that failed to make goals were subject to a series of federally mandated “reforms” to “help” them become better.  NCLB got around the little Constitutional problem by controlling federal funds given to schools.  Conform to NCLB or you lose tens of millions of dollars in Title I money.  That wasn’t the first time the federal government employed this strategy.  Reagan threatened to withhold federal highway funds from states that didn’t set the Interstate speed limit at 55mph.  Clinton did roughly the same thing in order to convince states to set the legal blood alcohol limit at .08.

But I digress.  When NCLB declared that 100% of American students were going to be “proficient” by 2014, it set a goal that was impossible to reach.  I won’t go into why, but there’s no lack of reading material available on that one.  For our purposes here, it is enough to know that it just wasn’t going to happen.

Originally, conspiracy theorists saw this as a diabolical plot to take over public education by setting it up for inevitable failure.  Once our schools “failed” the nation would turn to vouchers, charter schools and other methods of privatization.  Flash forward to 2013 and our schools are indeed “failing” to meet NCLB goals.  However, now we have a Democrat in charge of the White House, so the conspiracy has changed.

When states inevitably failed to meet NCLB goals, they had to apply for a waiver that would allow them to escape the wrath of the federal government.  The man in charge of these waivers?  Good ol’ Arne Duncan.  Secretary Duncan granted these waivers to the states, but there were strings attached.  One of those strings was the adoption of “standards that are common to a significant number of states”.   Okay, so how many standards are common to a significant number of states?  That’s right, only one, and it’s the CCSS. How clever is that?  States did not HAVE to adopt the CCSS (wink-wink-nudge-nudge) but it would make them “more competitive” for an NCLB waiver.

46 states applied for NCLB waivers.  45 states have adopted CCSS.  Coincidence?  Probably.  Flash forward again to today and in states all across this great land of liberty there are many districts, schools and teachers who have lost almost ALL LOCAL CONTROL over what they do in their own classrooms.  So shame on you indeed Republicans and Democrats alike.  While you were busy protecting the next Adam Lanza’s right to buy a gun without a simple background check, our federal government has been effectively stripping away local control of schools.

Honestly, there isn’t all that much we can do about it.  45 states have already adopted the Common Core State Standards, and while battles continue in a handful of states over their adoption, in other states the implementation of CCSS is in full swing.  As long as our state governments rely upon federal funding to offset the cost of public schools, people like Bush, Obama and Duncan will be able to circumvent the Constitution and destroy local control of schools.

Ironically, some teachers actually have more freedom to take a gun into the classroom than decide how they will teach.  The insanity of that pretty much speaks for itself.

 

Nothing to Worry About?

On Friday of last week I read a story in our local paper about a new system of teacher evaluation the state Board of Education is instituting that “focuses on encouraging teachers to improve knowledge and instructional skills”.  Since sarcasm is my typical response to things that irritate me, my first thought was, “Damn, it is about time somebody told teachers they are supposed to improve knowledge and instructional skills.”  I was reminded of a scene from one of my favorite movies.

Teachers didn’t need the memo either but they are getting a new evaluation system that promises to be more objective. Actually, the new system is partially modeled after a method of teacher evaluation that I have used for a few years and referred to as “pretty good” in an earlier post about evaluating pre-service teachers.  However, that wasn’t the only aspect that the article was referring to when it lauded its objectivity.  The other aspect, only briefly mentioned, was the incorporation of students’ standardized test scores into teachers’ ratings.  This might come as a shock to our readers, but all things being equal, I don’t actually oppose this idea (though my EduSanity colleague does).  Standardized tests are one way in which we can measure our students’ achievement and as such they should be a part of an evaluation system. However, all things are not equal.  Not even close.  I could go on forever about how we have created a system of standardized testing that is plagued with inequities, but others have covered that topic in great detail and for some people the argument will always fall on deaf ears.  Besides, that particular line from the article wasn’t what actually inspired me to write this post.  Instead, what finally got me was this quote towards the end:

“Our current high-performing teachers won’t have anything to worry about in this system.”

Right.

These changes in teacher evaluation are coming at a time in which 45 states are undergoing a monumental shift to the Common Core State Standards for English-Language Arts and Math.  However, while we have new “state” standards for English and Math, we don’t have similar standards for any other content area such as social studies, art, physical education, foreign language… etc.  Yet the CCSS is having an enormous effect on these other subjects because of the resources and time put into bringing ELA and Math online, which means our teachers are being pulled in very different directions in regards to teaching.

It probably won’t come as a surprise to you that one of the schools’ main concerns is a new standardized test lurking on the horizon. This new test is from the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC) and will be used by about half the states to assess student achievement.  However, since we only have CCSS for English and Math, we only have a new test for English and Math.  Many states used to have standardized tests for other subjects, but dropped them because NCLB didn’t care about them.  Now we have a testing system that is heavy on two subjects and almost non-existent on everything else, yet somehow we are going to tie the performance of all of our teachers to standardized test scores? It doesn’t matter if you teach a subject that is tested by PARCC or not, you have a reason to worry.

It gets better.  The new PARCC standardized test I just mentioned DOESN’T EVEN EXIST YET.  Sure, they’re working on it, but meanwhile states are asking teachers to implement the CCSS in their classrooms with hardly any idea what the test that will measure their success is going to look like.  How can you prepare your students for a test that doesn’t exist?  I have yet to find an educator who thinks it is a good idea to say, “Hey, here’s a hundred page list of stuff I’m supposed to teach.  Write a test for my students, but of course you can’t use the whole list because that would be way too much.  Also, don’t tell me what you do decide to pick.  Instead, provide me with really vague charts that say stuff like ‘Type III tasks call for modeling/application in a real-world context or scenario and can also involve other mathematical practice standards.’   That should really nail it down for me. Also, don’t show me the test, or even let me know what it looks like until the day my students take it. I like to teach on the edge.  As the kids would say YOLO.”

Wait, it gets even better. Not only do teachers have to worry about a test that doesn’t exist yet, but in many cases they are also still required to teach their old state standards in addition to the CCSS.  In other words, since there is no new test and there is no possible way that we could survive a year that didn’t include a standardized test, your students are still going to take the old test.  But don’t worry our teachers are told, you are going to be given a “waiver” for this year.  These scores “won’t count”. Right. If the test doesn’t count, then why take it?  Teachers not only have to teach an entirely new set of standards, but they must also teach the old ones for a while just to make sure their students don’t look bad on a test that is wholly unnecessary. Makes sense to me.

You guessed it – It gets better.  Not only are there two sets of standards, a new test that doesn’t exist yet, and an old test that won’t go away, but many states are implementing the new standards at a pace that doesn’t allow enough time for school districts and teachers to properly develop curriculum based on the CCSS.  Why is that a problem?  Primarily because standards are not documents that teachers are actually supposed to teach from.  Standards are written to provide school districts with minimum requirements for developing curricula that provide teachers with a guide for lesson planning.  Standards —> Curriculum —> Lesson Plans – in that order.  Since the CCSS are being adopted at warp factor 5, the development of curriculum is either been skipped entirely or is occurring at a breakneck pace.  Many teachers have no idea what good CCSS instruction looks like because they have been handed the standards and told “good luck”, while in other places, school districts are trying to do right by their teachers by creating curricula for them to follow.  Unfortunately, because this is happening so quickly, many districts are misinterpreting “common standards” for “common teaching”.  In other words they are handing teachers a script instead of a guide, which is actually far worse than just handing them the standards and wishing them luck.

There may be only one way to change the oil on a 1996 Oldsmobile, or fill out the cover page on a TPS report, but when it comes to teaching a room full of students, there is never, ever going to be only one “right” way to get the job done.  Period.  Ever.  Not gonna happen.  And it is the high performing teachers who should worry about these scripts the most.  One reason for scripting lessons for teachers is to make bad teachers better, the theory being that if you can force all teachers to do the same thing, then the bad teachers can only be as bad as the scripted lessons. Okay, but the exact opposite is true for the high performing teachers, who can only be as good as the script.  Taking away the autonomy of many of our highest performing teachers, at a time when their talent and ability has never been needed more, most certainly gives them something to worry about.  This isn’t happening everywhere, but it is happening in enough schools to make it a serious problem.

And perhaps the greatest irony in telling teachers not to worry is that their administrators are currently being trained in a performance evaluation system that hasn’t even been approved yet!  Since the states sold their constitutional souls to Arne Duncan and the federal government in order to get a NCLB waiver, they must now get their plans for teacher evaluation approved by the same people who brought you the epic failure known as “Race to the Top”.  Of the 34 states who are waiting on Big Brother Arne to approve their plans, only 12 have been accepted.  Don’t hold your breath waiting for anything from the federal government.

These are only some of the problems that teachers are rightfully concerned about when it comes to evaluating their performance.  We know they are worried because we asked them.  Over 1,300 of them actually.  Even if increasing accountability will somehow improve teaching, our leaders are also screwing it up so badly that the teachers who have almost no control over the evaluation process are being set up to fail by a system that is incomplete, hastily implemented, and almost laughably unfair. So please don’t tell them not to worry.

What I Learned in First Grade on Monday

Six words I thought I’d never say: On Monday, I taught first grade.

Actually, last week was one of those interesting and unusual weeks where I found myself in a multitude of teaching situations. In addition to my students at the university, I taught the aforementioned first grade class, alternative high school English, a group of twenty-five teachers, a class on disciplinary literacy for graduate level pre-service teachers, and finally a methods class for future English teachers. All of these teaching situations were tied together with respectful dialogue and conversations about ideas and text.

But it was those first graders who inspired this entry.

What a fabulous start to the week (i.e., learning experience) these students provided me. I learned that one can’t be “stingy” with their learning, an idea repeated by several students in an attempt to encourage their classmates to talk in our discussion. I also learned that in first grade, one has to get their ideas out there so they shouldn’t raise their hand in order to talk. I witnessed respect and compassion from these small but mighty people.

I was invited into their classroom by their teacher to help lead a Socratic Circle, a text-based conversation strategy that I learned from Matt Copeland. Matt wrote what I consider to be a fantastic book on the Socratic teaching strategy back in 2005. In addition to being a gifted teacher and author, Matt also taught down the hall from me and became one of my mentors and best friends while I was learning to how to be a teacher.  With his support and the support of our mutual friend who taught history, I started using Socratic Circles in my classroom on a Tuesday morning about 12 years ago, finally mustering up the courage to empower my students to talk. On my mentors’ recommendations I decided that the “The Pledge of Allegiance” would be my first Socratic Circle with students because it is a short yet surprisingly complex piece, one that students had rarely paused to think let alone discuss analytically.

Then during second hour, the second class of Socratic Circles I’d ever led, Matt knocked on my door and interrupted class.

“We don’t know what’s happening, but a plane just flew into the World Trade Center in New York.”

The horror that unfolded the rest of that day was temporarily shut out as I listened to ninth graders talk about “The Pledge of Allegiance.” My head was spinning—I was 23 at the time—as I wondered if our country was under attack, whether this was the beginning of a war in which I’d be called to serve or worse yet, a war that might claim the lives of students sitting in my classroom that day. Watching television or listening to the radio was banned as our school was under strict orders to maintain business-as-usual, so when I sat down on my couch at 4:30 that evening, I sobbed as the stunning images of that day were played over and over again on the news.

One of the lasting impressions of that first day of Socratic Circles was that my students were not used to having civil discussions with each other. Before the announcement, the first class of students nearly broke out in a skirmish of their own. This is a trend we can easily see beyond our classrooms as well.  Anyone can turn on the news—even ESPN—and see antagonistic debates and arguments about almost any topic. Instead of a country living in dialogue where disagreement and debate can happen in productive ways, we seem to be a country living in divisiveness. Soledad O’Brien constantly and consistently raises her voice on CNN (I’ll not bother to discuss the MSNBC/Fox News tomfoolery) and shows that promote this behavior are frighteningly popular. Their popularity attracts advertisers, which then leads to the creation of more shows that reward talking heads with the loudest voices and most pathetic rhetoric. Maybe I’m old fashioned because I don’t want to be yelled at when I flip on the TV but I can’t stand it.

And we carry this behavior into the conversations we have in our own lives, especially those that happen online where anonymity often leads to behavior that many people would never actually display in the “real world”.  For example, last Tuesday I read a piece by a colleague on the Get Schooled blog from the Atlanta Journal Constitution in which anonymous responders attacked him personally and professionally in the comment section for no other reason than they disagreed with his views. Scroll down to the comment section of almost any article posted online and you’ll see the same thing—vitriolic rage motivated by political or other beliefs. Is free speech destroying our country in this age of anonymity? Perhaps the online world needs to have the white sheets pulled away from the angry virtual faces.

But there is hope and it resides in little Americans who are too young to have been tainted by our addiction to being right at all costs.

Throughout this past week, the 1st graders’ voices stayed strong in my memory. They showed such support for each other by using sentence frames like, “Building on what Ariana said…,” and “Similar to Jack’s idea…,” actually furthering the conversation we were having about an article on wind energy. The patience they showed while waiting for their peers to find the words to say what was obviously spinning around at lightning speeds in their heads stayed with me. Their ability to listen to each other and wait before blurting out the first idea that came to mind are skills I fear they’ll be forced, maybe even encouraged, to lose.

And as I worked with the other groups throughout the week, I brought up these stories as a reminder of what school, learning, and discussion could look like. For the alternative high school students, it served as a positive memory of school. For the teachers, it served as an example of what productive discussions and a culture of learning can mean when students are unfettered by rules and procedures and are trusted to talk. For the future teachers, it served as an example of how first graders could engage in a productive discussion meaning that older students could as well.

But what we can learn as a nation from these first graders could be paramount to our very survival. Take just a cursory glance around the world right now to see what happens when nations are divided. While we don’t have literally warring factions yet, there are threats of that very thing being murmured in the name of our president, guns, and immigration. The demise of those other nations should serve as a reminder that the level of animosity towards our fellow man, the constant bickering and belittling of one another, and the serious lack of honest, civil, and respectful dialogue in our country must be reversed. Those first graders are counting on being or becoming Americans and contributing to a potentially great country, not being forced to shed their respect, dignity, and civility as part of growing up.

Some “Feel Good Friday” Reading

Last week I published a post about the quality of candidates who eventually become teachers.  This was a timely topic in my own life because I just wrapped up interviews for candidates to our Master of Arts Program in Teaching at the university, I read an article about how Bill Gates is paying for a new measure to “grade teachers and help students”, and I was treated to a story from one of my current pre-service teacher interns about an experience she had in a local school.

First, some back story. Our M.A.T. program requires students to complete a minimum of 33 credits of coursework that include classes in instructional methods, classroom management, literacy, educational measurement and research among others.  In addition to these requirements, students must complete an undergraduate major in the content area, and in the case of social studies, an additional 12 courses that span the social sciences, history and education.  The students take these graduate courses while also interning at full time at 3 different middle and high schools, at least one of which is in a rural and high needs area.  They intern all day for 26 weeks from Monday through Thursday and then come to campus on Fridays for a marathon of classes where we pile on the theory to go with their practice.  Whew.  Just making it through this gauntlet is an accomplishment in itself.

I try to eat lunch with my students on Fridays whenever possible, and whenever they aren’t too cranky with me for putting them through the wringer.  We discuss their experiences in the schools, they ask me questions, I give advice, and we talk about their research projects.  A couple of Fridays ago one of my interns, who I will call Andrea because that is her name and she is awesome, told me a story about her last day at her first rotation that I want to share with our EduSanity friends (with her permission of course).

“It was the last day of my first rotation internship and my students had gone out of their way to let me know how much they were going to miss having me as their intern teacher.  They made me farewell cards, baked me cookies and even brought donuts to the class to celebrate my last day. I was so happy to know that I had made a difference, even if it was a small one, with that many high school students. It wasn’t until 7th period that I realized how much I had positively influenced my students, one specifically.

I had already finished the attendance when one of my students Gabriella (not her name) walked in about 15 minutes late. I asked Gabriella why she was so late and she told me that her one year-old daughter was sick so she had been absent from school the entire day. Once we started talking I realized she had a gift bag behind her. Gabriella told me that she had asked her mother to drive her to school just so she could bring me my farewell gift because she knew it was my last day at the school. I opened the card, which was not an ordinary card, it was in the shape of a snow globe, and it played Christmas music.

Inside of the card it read,

“Dear Ms. ———-, I am going to miss you dearly, I have spent my only savings allowance to get something special for you. And I wish you a Merry Christmas and love you Ms.———-. Have a great life and I wish you nothing but the best.”

After reading the card, I could not hold back my tears. Gabriella then told me to open up my present, (I could tell she was really excited about it) and inside of a white box, she had bought me a beautiful onyx ring. I insisted that the card was plenty, but she told me that she had seen the ring at the store and that it looked like something I would wear, so she had spent her savings on it. After I finished opening my gift, I went outside and met her mother and her daughter. Her mother let me know how much she appreciated me teaching her daughter and how she had heard nothing but positive things about me.

It was at this moment, that I knew that I had made the right choice about my future profession. If I can make that much of a difference, even in one student’s life, that is enough satisfaction for me. It also made me realize that yes, teaching content is extremely important in being a teacher but there are also many other factors that go into being an overall successful educator.”

At at time in which the right to “grade” our teachers is being purchased by our nation’s elite, it is worth stopping to think about EVERYTHING that teachers do throughout the day.  For every story like Andrea’s there are a million more out there that teachers across this country could tell.  Ironically, many of the ideas that Bill Gates envisions for teacher evaluation make a lot of sense.  Probably because he had a couple thousand teachers help him design it.  He didn’t get rich by being stupid.

That said, when it comes to spending money to determine who can and can’t “make the grade”, I’ll always be more impressed with Gabriella’s last $30 than Bill Gate’s next $30 million.

 

 

Who We “Let” Become Teachers

I recently read a blog entry from a columnist in the Atlanta Journal Constitution about the problems that Georgia appears to be having with selecting and preparing high quality teacher candidates.

The familiar complaint is that teacher education programs are not selective enough, often requiring only a 2.5 grade point average as minimum requirement for admission. Then after admission, very few candidates are actually weeded out, meaning that most of these “average” people become teachers.

As a teacher educator I have a bit of insight into these problems that may not be evident to others outside the process. First, what the vast majority of these reports on the quality of teacher candidates fail to acknowledge, or perhaps even grasp, is that teacher education programs are not immune from the problems of scarcity. In other words, we can only accept those who apply, and the lines outside our doors aren’t very long. In the past, this could be easily blamed on the relatively low pay for teachers, but in recent years you can also add de-professionalization and broad-based attacks on teachers as a group to the reasons why many very smart people look elsewhere. (As an ironic aside, have you ever noticed how many “smart” people there are who rant about how inadequate our teachers are, but would never actually teach themselves? In other words, I want you to be just as “smart” as I am, but still dumb enough to do the job I don’t want.)

But to blame our problems on scarcity is too simplistic. Despite what many may believe, our recent economic circumstances have placed colleges and universities in the same financial pinch as the rest of the country. We are under pressure to accept more students (and their tuition), teach larger classes, cut programs that are under-enrolled, and slash courses from the schedule with only a handful of students. As a result, those of us in higher education who are politically savvy understand that avoiding the bean counter’s hatchet means maintaining program enrollments high enough to make the university money, or at least avoid losing it. Watching a room full of academics throw around words like “revenue neutral” is a sight to see.

So, if we need 60 pre-service teachers in our program to justify actually having a program on the books, then we need to accept 60 students.  But here’s the rub. You ask 100 rooms full of Education professors about how they determine which applicants will eventually be good teachers and you will get 100 different answers. And let me tell you that none of those answers will be right. We have interview processes, writing samples, admission tests administered by the Educational Testing Service, and grades from a bevy of prerequisite course work in the content area that they must complete, and we still don’t know for sure.

The problem is that there really isn’t any way to know for sure. I’ve had students come to me with vast amounts of historical knowledge, perfect 4.0 GPA’s, and perfect letters of recommendation who were brutally bad teachers. I remember one instance in particular in which one young man some years ago came to me with those credentials. I’ll call him Joey because that’s not his name. Joey was practically a walking history book. I really liked Joey. He called me “sir”. He worked like a fiend. He had a great attitude. And he was a really, really lousy teacher. We worked together for hours on end. We created lesson plans together and I watched him teach many times, but at the end of the day when he was left to his own devices, the only teaching strategy that he could consistently employ was to take his encyclopedic knowledge and write it on the board for students to take notes from. It was painful to watch.

Then there’s Tom. Tom barely made it into my program in social studies education a few years ago. His GPA was a robust 2.5-ish and his test scores were middling at best. On paper, Tom was exactly the sort of candidate that groups like the National Council on Teacher Quality turn their nose up at. Tom made it into the program and in my classes he was a decent lesson planner and student, not top of the class, but not the bottom of it either. He was okay. But then I got the chance to see Tom teach and I knew within the first 15 minutes of his first lesson that he was going to be good with the potential to be great. He turned the teaching of history from a science into an art with his connection between the content and his students. They loved it and they loved him. He could bring long-dead Mesopotamians or Romans alive and help his students understand those aspects of history that were meaningful and timeless. He didn’t just teach content, he taught history. He got it then, and he still gets it today.

Admittedly, students like Joey and Tom are the exception and not the norm. Not everybody with a perfect 4.0 GPA is going to be a cold fish in the classroom, and not everybody with underwhelming credentials is going to have the potential to be a master teacher. But every teacher educator I’ve talked to has a story like this to tell, which is probably the driving force behind why we don’t shut the door on applicants who don’t shine on paper. Who wants to shut out the next Tom in favor of the next Joey?

However, this is where the second half of the criticism of teacher preparation programs mentioned earlier comes into play and is often spot on. As teacher educators we are often too lenient with whom we allow to graduate from our programs and enter the classroom. In other words, too many Joeys make it through.

Once again though, that’s too simplistic. Teacher educators have many, many ways to measure the performance of pre-service teacher candidates, some of which are actually pretty good. Since most of us teach in in accredited programs we have to document the candidates’ performance using fancy rubrics and rating systems designed to dissect different aspects of their ability to plan and teach. The recent push has been to judge teachers based on student test scores, but that is a wildly incomplete measure given that teaching for test scores is relatively easy while teaching for almost every other purpose of owning an education in a democratic society is incredibly complex.

I don’t have an answer for that, but I do take my job as “Education Gatekeeper” very seriously. I know that I am the first and often last line of defense for those thousands of students in the public schools that my future teachers will stand in front of. Over the years I have had many difficult conversations with teacher candidates about futures that were not going to involve teaching. Describing those conversations would make for several posts themselves, but in the end they essentially come down to saying something akin to, “Sorry Joey, you can’t teach”.

This is a conversation I think we should be having more often. Or we could take the easy way out and just say, “Sorry Joey, you’re just too smart to teach.” That makes it sound nice and simple.

New Year, New Resolutions, More Sanity

It has been a while since our last entry, which we blame on the holidays, work obligations and tragedy. The holidays are a ubiquitous excuse that need no further explanation. As for work, the two of us are both college professors and in our corner of higher education you are measured primarily by what you publish. Even though there are literally tens of people who read EduSanity every time we post a new entry, the winter break is typically a time in which professors spend their “free time” writing fiendishly for scholarly journals so that we can publish articles that even fewer people will read. Even EduSanity can’t rationalize that one.

Then there was the Newtown tragedy at Sandy Hook Elementary, which also needs no further explanation but made us both feel like we were in a balloon that was void of oxygen. We considered writing an EduSanity piece about the Newtown tragedy, especially in the face of myopic calls to arm teachers across America, but in the end we decided that this issue was just too insane and hardly merited an entire entry since our response could be summed up in a single word. Idiocy. And quite honestly when 20 kids and 8 adults are killed in an elementary school, nothing else really seems to matter that much.

But it’s the new year and while we are a bit late with this entry, we would like to posit a few new year’s resolution for EduSanity. Hopefully our faithful readership will hold us to our goals. Thanks Mom!

In 2013, we here at EduSanity resolve to:

  1. Be more positive – Most of our entries take a somewhat negative tone, which can be easily explained by Jason’s unhealthy attraction to sarcasm and Chris’ weakness for moral outrage. That said, there are many positive things happening in American education today and we endeavor to seek them out and bring them to you.
  2. Share our research on the Common Core State Standards – Recently we have begun to survey almost 7,000 teachers across our state about their experiences with the implementation of the Common Core State Standards. We have received over 800 responses so far and the results are very interesting. Since we love data, we’ll break some of that down for you on these walls.
  3. Write more often – Excuses all stink like a 9th grade boys locker room. We WILL write more of the same but also shorter, less formal pieces and keep something coming at you about once/week. The community that this site developed in a relatively short time is humbling, and we must keep it rolling.
  4. If Chris’ tactics of coercion work like we think they will, we hope to feature a few more guest writers in 2013. This isn’t an open call but we are well aware of some of the sharp voices out there in the what we’ll call “the good fight,” and we want to feature others’ ideas and thoughts on education for the benefit of all involved. The one guest writer from 2012, P.L. Thomas, marked our second biggest day in web statistics.
  5. Develop a way of more consistently sharing the wonderful pieces written about education on other sites and in other venues. So much of what others say feeds us and beyond the occasional retweeting, we’d like to establish a blogroll of other like-minded thinkers.
  6. Promote a clear progressive vision for education while unapologetically exposing the flawed logic and thinking behind so much of what people refer to as “education reform.” As the standardize at all costs business model cements itself in higher education, we anticipate dedicating at least a few entries in that direction.
  7. Stay focused on teachers and positive about teachers. Teacher antagonism will be recorded in history as one of the defining characteristics of this time period, at least educationally speaking.
  8. Add a few reviews of other longer works to the mix–films, books, and even lectures.
  9. Feature more multimedia by either creating it and/or reacting to it.
  10. Be sure to avoid cliches like lists of things that are exactly ten items long.

Those are our ideas and chances are if you are still reading, you’ll note that we’ve had several ideas over the past six months. Our most popular story of 2012–in terms of web statistics–was Jason’s piece about his son’s reading. It started a tradition of being reposted by our friends over at the National Center for Education Policy and helped cap off a month that saw 1800 visitors. We hope our foray into the conversation about education so far has only whetted your appetite and that you keep coming back.

In addition to looking back and forward, we must end by saying thank you to our EduSanity collaborator and master of the tweets, Ginney Wright. Ms. Wright is currently working on a Ph.D. in Curriculum & Instruction at the University of Arkansas under the guidance of Jason. Without her considerable knowledge and skills with social media, we’d only be a fraction of our current selves. Thanks Ginney.

Here’s to the New Year and to you, dear readers,

Jason and Chris

The Stickerification of Teachers

I value and appreciate the opportunity to share ideas on teaching with teachers at professional development meetings and conferences. It is something I’ve actively pursued as a teacher and now teacher educator for over a decade. Towards the end of one of these conference presentations in Somewhere, USA (names and places changed to protect the guilty) a few weeks ago, my co-presenter stopped with about ten minutes left in the session and asked if the audience members had any questions.

A lone hand shot up immediately, and I waited for an insightful question about classroom application of the ideas or more background or a challenge or something warranting the pensive hand in the air. Instead, the teacher asked, “When are we going to get the stickers?”

“When are we going to get the stickers?”

My head and heart sank. This was the first question asked after what we thought was an insightful and practical presentation, one that several other attendees claimed as the best they attended during the two-day conference. And while other questions were asked, answered, and posed, I could not stop thinking about what that first question represented to the larger picture of teaching, learning and teacher learning.

What’s the deal with the stickers?

The Somewhere Department of Education requires each teacher in the state to obtain 60 professional development hours each year. Mostly, these hours are accrued through activities within each local district. In order to have hours from other types of professional development—like attending conference presentations, for example—count, teachers must provide documentation of those hours.

In an effort to satisfy the Somewhere Department of Education, The Conference, an annual affair for about 1200 math, science, English, and social studies teachers, awards stickers to teachers for attending each hour-long professional presentation. These stickers, along with a sign-in sheet, verify attendance of sessions and vis-à-vis represent teacher learning, the only proof that this learning occurred.

Enter: Stickers. 

When I first attended The Conference in 2007, I was struck and a bit dumbfounded by the sticker verification of teacher attendance and learning. Receiving a sticker at an event like this was a foreign concept to me and it grated against every bit of my professional being, one that is built on the idea that professional educators should be treated like members of a profession. Duh, right?

And beyond the notion that teachers are professionals and should be treated as such, what message does the sticker requirement communicate about teaching, teacher learning, and professionalism?

About teaching, the sticker structure says that anyone can do the job because it literally only requires the ability to fog a mirror held in front of one’s face—the ability to exhale hot air—to successfully attend a teaching conference presentation.

About learning, stickers for teachers tell us that anyone present is likely to gain from the experience. This reminds me of the fallacy perpetuated by movies like Waiting for Superman that teaching is simply opening craniums and pouring knowledge into the open minds of eager young people. This would only make sense to someone who has never stepped foot in a classroom as a teacher. Stickers tell us that learning is simple and that anyone can do it by just being present.

 

About teacher learning, stickers devalue professional development efforts by reducing the outcome to attendance. A sticker says nothing about what could be learned by attending a session or how a teacher organizes new knowledge gained with experience and other existing knowledge. That aspect of learning is not addressed through the careful dolling out of stickers. Nothing is ever known of how a teacher implements a new idea or strategy in her or his classroom and whether there is any transference of learning from the presentation to practice. In this sense, a sticker only represents the presence of a teacher in a session and thus sets a low bar to clear.

But the very premise of sticker-based learning concedes a wholehearted distrust of teachers and a further undermining of the concept of teachers as professionals. The Somewhere Department of Education does not trust teachers to actually attend sessions when they go to professional meetings. In my experience, we teachers are hungry for new ways to teach and rarely get to leave the classroom to interact with other professionals, the typical education conference is packed with eager attendees. Yet the irony here is that the sticker structure ignores what a person is actually learning or applying to their own classroom applications because only the most basic measure of attendance, actually putting one’s butt in a seat—is verified.

What a sad state of affairs. Let’s recap what sticker-based professional development essentially says to its participants:

·      Teaching is so simple that anyone can do it.

·      Learning is something accomplished by occupying a chair.

·      Teacher learning is simple and requires only sitting and listening to some supposed expert (like me).

·      Teachers should not be trusted, let alone be treated as professionals.

While I have no delusions of grandeur of being suddenly charged with overhauling professional development for a state, I would take five immediate steps to do exactly that if given the opportunity.

1.     Social learning–Base professional learning experiences on group-based activities. Rather than punitive accountability measures (like giving individual teachers stickers for attending single sessions at a conference), make these learning experiences social in nature. Teachers in my state would form groups ahead of a conference and attend sessions together and then share the contents of a session with members of the group who didn’t attend. Collaboration time would be built into the schedule of every conference in the state. These groups of people would reflect, discuss, and begin to process the new ideas, strategies, and concepts.

2.     Professionalize–Trust teachers to do the right thing, to act as professionals. The old adage of people acting like they are treated rings true here. If an entire state expects less out of its teachers and their learning, we should not be surprised by urgent questions about sticker distribution. If that is the burning question on the mind of the participants, the game is lost.

3.     Inquisitive–Base professional learning on essential questions formed in the individual classrooms of the teachers. By creating insightful questions, a sense of inquiry and discovery would drive the professional learning. It would, in essence, act as a thesis statement to an essay, giving purpose to each session, new learning experience.

4.     Sustained Learning–Hold me (the presenter) accountable. While the sessions I’ve proposed and presented at this particular conference have been tied to the state’s adopted standards for teaching and have been reviewed and accepted by a committee of peers, I’ve not been held accountable to help teachers engage the ideas I’ve presented following the conference. It has been demonstrated that one shot, inoculation style PD doesn’t have any lasting impact on teachers, much less their students’ learning.

5.     Social responsibility–Any teacher attending a professional conference must share their learning in some formal or informal ways with other teachers. This could take myriad forms: posting to a website dedicated to accounts of the application of ideas gained at conferences; brief presentations at faculty meetings; writing a blog post reflection on the experience; leading a reading group at their school, etc.

Stickerification reduces teachers, teaching, learning, and teacher learning to the lowest common denominator—getting a sticker—in the name of accountability. The message is loud and clear: teachers are not to be trusted. And until we trust the teachers in this country to do the right thing, any hope for educational improvement, innovation, or achievement should be kindly placed on the “never going to happen” pile.

Fortunately for my sanity, “The Conference” in balmy Somewhere, USA, is the only one I attend hellbent on stickerfying attendees. The act of handing out stickers after each session might not be as frustrating or infuriating to others. To me at least, it is a symbolic denigration of teachers, teaching and learning, and teacher learning–a slap in the face of what should be a proud profession.